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When Keke Frederick arrives home from work, she scans the streets for West Virginia American Water maintenance trucks. For her and many other Dunbar residents, their presence signals trouble.

“That’s the first red flag,†she said. “You already know the water is going to be off, or it’s going to be dirty, or you’ll have to boil it. You don’t know if you’re coming home to clean water. That’s just how it goes.â€

Sierra Marling covers health and education. Reach her at 502-783-6738 or smarling@hdmediallc.com. Follow @SierraMarling on X.